2014 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 1080 Steel
2014 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 1080 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.
For each property being compared, the top bar is 2014 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1080 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 72 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 1.5 to 16 | |
| 11 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 90 to 160 | |
| 300 to 360 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 27 | |
| 72 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 130 to 290 | |
| 460 to 520 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 190 to 500 | |
| 770 to 870 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 100 to 440 | |
| 480 to 590 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 400 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 210 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 630 | |
| 1450 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 510 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 870 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 150 | |
| 51 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 23 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 40 | |
| 9.6 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 120 | |
| 11 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 11 | |
| 1.8 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 3.0 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 8.1 | |
| 1.4 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 150 | |
| 19 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 1130 | |
| 46 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 6.6 to 56 | |
| 80 to 84 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 76 to 1330 | |
| 610 to 920 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 46 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 18 to 46 | |
| 27 to 31 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 25 to 46 | |
| 24 to 26 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 58 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 8.4 to 22 | |
| 25 to 29 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 90.4 to 95 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 | |
| 0.75 to 0.88 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 3.9 to 5.0 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.7 | |
| 98.1 to 98.7 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 0.2 to 0.8 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.4 to 1.2 | |
| 0.6 to 0.9 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.5 to 1.2 | |
| 0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 to 0.15 | |
| 0 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 0 to 0.2 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.15 | |
| 0 |