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2014 Aluminum vs. S38100 Stainless Steel

2014 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while S38100 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 2014 aluminum and the bottom bar is S38100 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 72
200
Elongation at Break, % 1.5 to 16
45
Fatigue Strength, MPa 90 to 160
210
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
76
Shear Strength, MPa 130 to 290
400
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 190 to 500
580
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 100 to 440
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
320
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 210
970
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 630
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 510
1350
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 150
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 40
2.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
2.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
20
Density, g/cm3 3.0
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.1
3.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
54
Embodied Water, L/kg 1130
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 6.6 to 56
210
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 76 to 1330
140
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 46
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25 to 46
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 58
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 8.4 to 22
13

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 90.4 to 95
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
17 to 19
Copper (Cu), % 3.9 to 5.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
57.9 to 64
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.2 to 0.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 1.2
0 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
17.5 to 18.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.5 to 1.2
1.5 to 2.5
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.15
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0