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2014A Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 9254 Steel

2014A aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 9254 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 2014A aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 9254 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 72
190
Elongation at Break, % 6.2 to 16
20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 93 to 150
280
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
72
Shear Strength, MPa 130 to 290
410
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 210 to 490
660
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 110 to 430
410

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 210
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 510
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 150
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 37
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 110
8.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
2.2
Density, g/cm3 3.0
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.1
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 1140
49

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 24 to 49
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 85 to 1300
450
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19 to 45
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 26 to 46
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 55
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.0 to 22
20

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 90.8 to 95
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.51 to 0.59
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
0.6 to 0.8
Copper (Cu), % 3.9 to 5.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
96.1 to 97.1
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.2 to 0.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 1.2
0.6 to 0.8
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.1
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.5 to 0.9
1.2 to 1.6
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.15
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0