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2017 Aluminum vs. ASTM A372 Grade J Steel

2017 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A372 grade J steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 2017 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade J steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
190
Elongation at Break, % 12 to 18
17 to 22
Fatigue Strength, MPa 90 to 130
310 to 570
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
73
Shear Strength, MPa 130 to 260
410 to 630
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 190 to 430
650 to 1020
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 76 to 260
430 to 850

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 510
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 150
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 38
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 110
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
2.4
Density, g/cm3 3.0
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.0
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 1140
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 24 to 66
130 to 170
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 41 to 470
500 to 1930
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17 to 40
23 to 36
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 42
21 to 29
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 56
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 7.9 to 18
19 to 30

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 91.6 to 95.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.35 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
0.8 to 1.2
Copper (Cu), % 3.5 to 4.5
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
96.7 to 97.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.4 to 0.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 1.0
0.75 to 1.1
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.15 to 0.25
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.8
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.010
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.15
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0

Comparable Variants