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2018 Aluminum vs. EN 1.0038 Steel

2018 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while EN 1.0038 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 2018 aluminum and the bottom bar is EN 1.0038 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 120
110 to 120
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 73
190
Elongation at Break, % 9.6
23 to 25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 120
140 to 160
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
73
Shear Strength, MPa 270
240 to 270
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
380 to 430
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 310
200 to 220

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 220
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 510
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 150
49
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 22
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 40
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
2.1
Density, g/cm3 3.1
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.1
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 1130
48

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 37
72 to 88
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 670
110 to 130
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 45
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 38
13 to 15
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 41
15 to 16
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 57
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
12 to 13

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 89.7 to 94.4
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.23
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 0.3
Copper (Cu), % 3.5 to 4.5
0 to 0.6
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.0
97.1 to 100
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.45 to 0.9
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.2
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.080
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.3
0 to 0.3
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.014
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.9
0 to 0.55
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.045
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0