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2018 Aluminum vs. EN 1.4659 Stainless Steel

2018 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while EN 1.4659 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 2018 aluminum and the bottom bar is EN 1.4659 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 120
260
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 73
210
Elongation at Break, % 9.6
49
Fatigue Strength, MPa 120
460
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
81
Shear Strength, MPa 270
640
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
900
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 310
480

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 220
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1480
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 510
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
460
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 150
12
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 22
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 40
1.7
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
1.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
37
Density, g/cm3 3.1
8.2
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.1
6.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
89
Embodied Water, L/kg 1130
220

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 37
370
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 670
550
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 45
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 38
31
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 41
25
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 57
3.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
19

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 89.7 to 94.4
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.020
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
23 to 25
Copper (Cu), % 3.5 to 4.5
1.0 to 2.0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.0
35.7 to 45.7
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.45 to 0.9
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.2
2.0 to 4.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
5.5 to 6.5
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.3
21 to 23
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.35 to 0.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.9
0 to 0.7
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.010
Tungsten (W), % 0
1.5 to 2.5
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0