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2024 Aluminum vs. AISI 414 Stainless Steel

2024 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while AISI 414 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 2024 aluminum and the bottom bar is AISI 414 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
190
Elongation at Break, % 4.0 to 16
17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 90 to 180
430 to 480
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
76
Shear Strength, MPa 130 to 320
550 to 590
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 200 to 540
900 to 960
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 100 to 490
700 to 790

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 200
750
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 500
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 120
25
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 30
2.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 90
2.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
8.0
Density, g/cm3 3.0
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.3
2.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
29
Embodied Water, L/kg 1140
100

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 20 to 68
140 to 150
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 70 to 1680
1260 to 1590
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 50
32 to 34
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25 to 49
27 to 28
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 46
6.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 8.6 to 24
33 to 35

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 90.7 to 94.7
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
11.5 to 13.5
Copper (Cu), % 3.8 to 4.9
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
81.8 to 87.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 1.2 to 1.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.9
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
1.3 to 2.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.15
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0