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2024 Aluminum vs. AWS E90C-B3

2024 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while AWS E90C-B3 belongs to the iron alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 2024 aluminum and the bottom bar is AWS E90C-B3.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
190
Elongation at Break, % 4.0 to 16
19
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 200 to 540
710
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 100 to 490
600

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 500
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 120
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 30
7.7
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 90
8.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
4.0
Density, g/cm3 3.0
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.3
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
24
Embodied Water, L/kg 1140
59

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 20 to 68
130
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 70 to 1680
970
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 50
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25 to 49
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 46
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 8.6 to 24
21

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 90.7 to 94.7
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.050 to 0.12
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
2.0 to 2.5
Copper (Cu), % 3.8 to 4.9
0 to 0.35
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
93.4 to 96.4
Magnesium (Mg), % 1.2 to 1.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.9
0.4 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.9 to 1.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0.25 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.15
0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 0.030
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.5