2024-T351 Aluminum vs. 2024-T4 Aluminum
Both 2024-T351 aluminum and 2024-T4 aluminum are variants of the same material. They share alloy composition and many physical properties, but develop different mechanical properties as a result of different processing.
For each property being compared, the top bar is 2024-T351 aluminum and the bottom bar is 2024-T4 aluminum.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 120 | |
| 120 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 71 | |
| 71 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 13 | |
| 16 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 140 | |
| 140 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 | |
| 0.33 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 27 | |
| 27 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 290 | |
| 290 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 460 | |
| 480 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 330 | |
| 310 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 390 | |
| 390 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 200 | |
| 200 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 640 | |
| 640 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 500 | |
| 500 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 880 | |
| 880 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 120 | |
| 120 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 23 | |
| 23 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 30 | |
| 30 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 90 | |
| 90 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 11 | |
| 11 |
| Calomel Potential, mV | -600 | |
| -600 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 3.0 | |
| 3.0 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 8.3 | |
| 8.3 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 150 | |
| 150 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 1140 | |
| 1140 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 55 | |
| 68 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 750 | |
| 680 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 46 | |
| 46 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 43 | |
| 44 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 44 | |
| 45 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 46 | |
| 46 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 20 | |
| 21 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 90.7 to 94.7 | |
| 90.7 to 94.7 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 3.8 to 4.9 | |
| 3.8 to 4.9 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 1.2 to 1.8 | |
| 1.2 to 1.8 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.3 to 0.9 | |
| 0.3 to 0.9 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 to 0.15 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 0 to 0.2 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |