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2025 Aluminum vs. ASTM A356 Grade 2

2025 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A356 grade 2 belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 2025 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A356 grade 2.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 110
150
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 72
190
Elongation at Break, % 15
25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 130
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 400
510
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 260
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 520
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 150
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 40
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
2.4
Density, g/cm3 3.0
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.9
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 1130
47

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 55
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 450
190
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 37
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 58
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18
15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 90.9 to 95.2
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.25
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
0
Copper (Cu), % 3.9 to 5.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.0
97.7 to 99.55
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.050
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 1.2
0 to 0.7
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.45 to 0.65
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.5 to 1.2
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.15
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0