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2025 Aluminum vs. AWS E349

2025 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while AWS E349 belongs to the iron alloys. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 2025 aluminum and the bottom bar is AWS E349.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 72
200
Elongation at Break, % 15
29
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 400
770

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
290
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 520
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 150
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
14

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 40
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
2.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
25
Density, g/cm3 3.0
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.9
4.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
72
Embodied Water, L/kg 1130
150

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 37
27
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 58
4.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18
20

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 90.9 to 95.2
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.13
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
18 to 21
Copper (Cu), % 3.9 to 5.0
0 to 0.75
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.0
60.5 to 71.1
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.050
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 1.2
0.5 to 2.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.35 to 0.65
Nickel (Ni), % 0
8.0 to 10
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.75 to 1.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.5 to 1.2
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.15
0 to 0.15
Tungsten (W), % 0
1.3 to 1.8
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.1 to 0.3
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0