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2025 Aluminum vs. EN 1.4859 Stainless Steel

2025 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while EN 1.4859 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 2025 aluminum and the bottom bar is EN 1.4859 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 110
140
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 72
200
Elongation at Break, % 15
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 130
140
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
76
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 400
490
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 260
210

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
1050
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 520
1360
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 150
13
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 40
1.7
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
1.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
36
Density, g/cm3 3.0
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.9
6.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
88
Embodied Water, L/kg 1130
190

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 55
91
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 450
110
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 37
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 58
3.4
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18
11

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 90.9 to 95.2
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.050 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
19 to 21
Copper (Cu), % 3.9 to 5.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.0
40.3 to 49
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.050
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 1.2
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
31 to 33
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.5 to 1.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.5 to 1.2
0.5 to 1.5
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.15
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0