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2025 Aluminum vs. EN 1.7221 Steel

2025 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while EN 1.7221 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 2025 aluminum and the bottom bar is EN 1.7221 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 110
200 to 230
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 72
190
Elongation at Break, % 15
11 to 17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 130
290 to 390
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 400
650 to 780
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 260
430 to 630

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 520
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 150
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 40
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
2.4
Density, g/cm3 3.0
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.9
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 1130
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 55
83 to 98
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 450
490 to 1050
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 37
23 to 27
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
21 to 24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 58
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18
19 to 23

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 90.9 to 95.2
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.22 to 0.29
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
0.8 to 1.2
Copper (Cu), % 3.9 to 5.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.0
96.8 to 98.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.050
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 1.2
0.5 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.15 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0.5 to 1.2
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.15
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0