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2124 Aluminum vs. EN 1.7233 Steel

2124 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while EN 1.7233 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 2124 aluminum and the bottom bar is EN 1.7233 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
190
Elongation at Break, % 5.7
18 to 23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 130
270 to 530
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
73
Shear Strength, MPa 280
450 to 590
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 490
700 to 960
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430
380 to 780

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 500
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 150
39
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 38
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 110
8.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
3.0
Density, g/cm3 3.0
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.2
1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 1150
53

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 27
110 to 200
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1290
380 to 1630
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 45
25 to 34
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 46
22 to 28
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 58
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
21 to 28

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 91.3 to 94.7
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.39 to 0.45
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
1.2 to 1.5
Copper (Cu), % 3.8 to 4.9
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.3
96.2 to 97.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 1.2 to 1.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.9
0.4 to 0.7
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.5 to 0.7
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.2
0 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.035
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.15
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0