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2124 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI H19 Steel

2124 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI H19 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 2124 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI H19 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
75
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 490
720 to 1990

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1540
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 500
1490
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
460
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 150
29
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
22
Density, g/cm3 3.0
8.2
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.2
7.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
110
Embodied Water, L/kg 1150
110

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 45
24 to 68
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 46
22 to 43
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 58
7.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
21 to 59

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 91.3 to 94.7
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.32 to 0.45
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
4.0 to 4.8
Cobalt (Co), % 0
4.0 to 4.5
Copper (Cu), % 3.8 to 4.9
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.3
81.4 to 85.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 1.2 to 1.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.9
0.2 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.3 to 0.55
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.2
0.2 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.15
0
Tungsten (W), % 0
3.8 to 4.5
Vanadium (V), % 0
1.8 to 2.2
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0