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2124 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI M41 Steel

2124 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI M41 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 2124 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI M41 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
77
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 490
800 to 2290

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1600
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 500
1550
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
440
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 150
22
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
33
Density, g/cm3 3.0
8.4
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.2
9.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 1150
120

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 45
26 to 76
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 46
23 to 46
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 58
6.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
25 to 71

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 91.3 to 94.7
0
Carbon (C), % 0
1.1 to 1.2
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
3.8 to 4.5
Cobalt (Co), % 0
4.8 to 5.8
Copper (Cu), % 3.8 to 4.9
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.3
73.4 to 78.9
Magnesium (Mg), % 1.2 to 1.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.9
0.2 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
3.3 to 4.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.2
0.15 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.15
0
Tungsten (W), % 0
6.3 to 7.0
Vanadium (V), % 0
1.8 to 2.3
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0