2218 Aluminum vs. EN 1.6570 Steel
2218 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while EN 1.6570 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.
For each property being compared, the top bar is 2218 aluminum and the bottom bar is EN 1.6570 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 95 to 110 | |
| 270 to 340 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 6.8 to 10 | |
| 11 to 17 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 110 | |
| 500 to 660 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 27 | |
| 73 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 330 to 430 | |
| 910 to 1130 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 260 to 310 | |
| 760 to 1060 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 390 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 220 | |
| 440 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 640 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 510 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 870 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 140 | |
| 40 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 22 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 37 | |
| 7.7 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 110 | |
| 8.8 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 11 | |
| 3.9 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 3.1 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 8.2 | |
| 1.7 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 150 | |
| 23 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 1130 | |
| 56 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 27 to 31 | |
| 120 to 140 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 450 to 650 | |
| 1520 to 3010 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 45 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 30 to 39 | |
| 32 to 40 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 34 to 41 | |
| 27 to 31 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 52 | |
| 11 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 15 to 19 | |
| 27 to 33 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 88.8 to 93.6 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 | |
| 0.28 to 0.35 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 1.0 to 1.4 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 94 to 96.2 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 1.2 to 1.8 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 0.2 | |
| 0.6 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0.3 to 0.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 1.7 to 2.3 | |
| 1.6 to 2.1 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.9 | |
| 0 to 0.6 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.15 | |
| 0 |