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2218 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI T5 Steel

2218 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI T5 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 2218 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI T5 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 73
210
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 330 to 430
860 to 2140

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1810
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 510
1750
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
410
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 140
21
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 22
11

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
60
Density, g/cm3 3.1
9.4
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.2
11
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
170
Embodied Water, L/kg 1130
140

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
12
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 45
21
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 30 to 39
25 to 63
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 34 to 41
21 to 39
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 52
5.5
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15 to 19
26 to 66

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 88.8 to 93.6
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.75 to 0.85
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
3.8 to 5.0
Cobalt (Co), % 0
7.0 to 9.5
Copper (Cu), % 3.5 to 4.5
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.0
60.6 to 68.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 1.2 to 1.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.2
0.2 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.5 to 1.3
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.3
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.9
0.2 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Tungsten (W), % 0
17.5 to 19
Vanadium (V), % 0
1.8 to 2.4
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0