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2218 Aluminum vs. S40977 Stainless Steel

2218 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while S40977 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 2218 aluminum and the bottom bar is S40977 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 95 to 110
160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 73
190
Elongation at Break, % 6.8 to 10
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 110
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
76
Shear Strength, MPa 210 to 250
320
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 330 to 430
510
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 260 to 310
310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 220
720
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 510
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 140
25
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 22
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 37
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 110
3.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
6.5
Density, g/cm3 3.1
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.2
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
27
Embodied Water, L/kg 1130
97

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 27 to 31
92
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 450 to 650
250
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 45
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 30 to 39
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 34 to 41
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 52
6.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15 to 19
18

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 88.8 to 93.6
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
10.5 to 12.5
Copper (Cu), % 3.5 to 4.5
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.0
83.9 to 89.2
Magnesium (Mg), % 1.2 to 1.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.2
0 to 1.5
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.3
0.3 to 1.0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.9
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.015
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0