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2618 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 4340M Steel

2618 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 4340M steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 2618 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 120
710
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
190
Elongation at Break, % 5.8
6.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 110
690
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
72
Shear Strength, MPa 260
1360
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
2340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 350
1240

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 210
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 550
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 160
38
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 22
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 37
7.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 110
9.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
3.9
Density, g/cm3 2.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.3
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
26
Embodied Water, L/kg 1150
55

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 23
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 850
4120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 47
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 40
84
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
51
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 62
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
70

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 92.4 to 94.9
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.7 to 1.0
Copper (Cu), % 1.9 to 2.7
0
Iron (Fe), % 0.9 to 1.3
93.3 to 94.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 1.3 to 1.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.65 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.35 to 0.45
Nickel (Ni), % 0.9 to 1.2
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.012
Silicon (Si), % 0.1 to 0.25
1.5 to 1.8
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.012
Titanium (Ti), % 0.040 to 0.1
0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.050 to 0.1
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.1
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0