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5040 Aluminum vs. ASTM A266 Carbon Steel

5040 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A266 carbon steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 5040 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A266 carbon steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 66 to 74
150 to 180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
190
Elongation at Break, % 5.7 to 6.8
21 to 26
Fatigue Strength, MPa 100 to 130
170 to 200
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Shear Strength, MPa 140 to 150
320 to 380
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 240 to 260
500 to 600
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 190 to 230
230 to 290

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 600
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 160
51 to 52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 41
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 130
8.1 to 8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
1.8
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.3
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
18 to 19
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
46 to 47

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 14 to 15
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 260 to 380
140 to 230
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24 to 26
18 to 21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 31 to 32
18 to 20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 64
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 10 to 11
16 to 19