5040 Aluminum vs. ASTM A299 Steel
5040 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A299 steel belongs to the iron alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.
For each property being compared, the top bar is 5040 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A299 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 66 to 74 | |
| 180 to 190 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 70 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 5.7 to 6.8 | |
| 21 to 22 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 100 to 130 | |
| 230 to 250 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 26 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 140 to 150 | |
| 370 to 390 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 240 to 260 | |
| 590 to 620 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 190 to 230 | |
| 330 to 360 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 400 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 190 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 650 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 600 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 900 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 160 | |
| 51 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 23 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 41 | |
| 7.2 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 130 | |
| 8.2 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 9.5 | |
| 1.9 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 2.8 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 8.3 | |
| 1.4 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 150 | |
| 19 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 1180 | |
| 47 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 14 to 15 | |
| 110 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 260 to 380 | |
| 290 to 350 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 50 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 24 to 26 | |
| 21 to 22 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 31 to 32 | |
| 20 to 21 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 64 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 10 to 11 | |
| 17 to 18 |