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5040 Aluminum vs. EN 1.8959 Steel

5040 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while EN 1.8959 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 5040 aluminum and the bottom bar is EN 1.8959 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 66 to 74
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
190
Elongation at Break, % 5.7 to 6.8
16
Fatigue Strength, MPa 100 to 130
220
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Shear Strength, MPa 140 to 150
350
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 240 to 260
570
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 190 to 230
340

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 600
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 160
39
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 41
7.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 130
8.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
2.7
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.3
1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
52

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 14 to 15
78
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 260 to 380
300
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24 to 26
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 31 to 32
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 64
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 10 to 11
17

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 95.2 to 98
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.19
Chromium (Cr), % 0.1 to 0.3
0.35 to 0.85
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0.2 to 0.6
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
94.9 to 99
Magnesium (Mg), % 1.0 to 1.5
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.9 to 1.4
0.45 to 1.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.35
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.7
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.010
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 0.55
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0 to 0.17
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0