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5040 Aluminum vs. N08320 Stainless Steel

5040 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while N08320 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 5040 aluminum and the bottom bar is N08320 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 66 to 74
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
200
Elongation at Break, % 5.7 to 6.8
40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 100 to 130
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
78
Shear Strength, MPa 140 to 150
400
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 240 to 260
580
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 190 to 230
220

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 600
1350
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 160
12
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 41
1.7
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 130
2.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
28
Density, g/cm3 2.8
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.3
4.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
69
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
200

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 14 to 15
180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 260 to 380
120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24 to 26
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 31 to 32
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 64
3.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 10 to 11
13

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 95.2 to 98
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.050
Chromium (Cr), % 0.1 to 0.3
21 to 23
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
40.4 to 50
Magnesium (Mg), % 1.0 to 1.5
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.9 to 1.4
0 to 2.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
25 to 27
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0