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5049 Aluminum vs. ACI-ASTM CG8M Steel

5049 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ACI-ASTM CG8M steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 5049 aluminum and the bottom bar is ACI-ASTM CG8M steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 52 to 88
180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
200
Elongation at Break, % 2.0 to 18
45
Fatigue Strength, MPa 79 to 130
280
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
79
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 210 to 330
550
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 91 to 280
300

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
1020
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 620
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 140
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 35
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 110
2.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
20
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.5
4.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
56
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 6.0 to 31
210
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 59 to 570
220
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22 to 34
19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 29 to 39
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 56
4.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.3 to 15
12

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 94.7 to 97.9
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
18 to 21
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.1
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
58.8 to 70
Magnesium (Mg), % 1.6 to 2.5
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.1
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
3.0 to 4.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
9.0 to 13
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.4
0 to 1.5
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0