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5049 Aluminum vs. ASTM A372 Grade E Steel

5049 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A372 grade E steel belongs to the iron alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 5049 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade E steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 52 to 88
200 to 280
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
190
Elongation at Break, % 2.0 to 18
20 to 22
Fatigue Strength, MPa 79 to 130
310 to 380
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Shear Strength, MPa 130 to 190
410 to 570
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 210 to 330
650 to 910
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 91 to 280
430 to 550

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 620
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 140
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 35
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 110
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
2.4
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.5
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 6.0 to 31
130 to 160
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 59 to 570
500 to 810
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22 to 34
23 to 32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 29 to 39
21 to 27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 56
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.3 to 15
19 to 27

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 94.7 to 97.9
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.25 to 0.35
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
0.8 to 1.2
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.1
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
97 to 98.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 1.6 to 2.5
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.1
0.4 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.15 to 0.25
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.4
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.010
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0

Comparable Variants