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5050 Aluminum vs. AISI 334 Stainless Steel

5050 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while AISI 334 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 5050 aluminum and the bottom bar is AISI 334 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 36 to 68
180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 68
200
Elongation at Break, % 1.7 to 22
34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 45 to 100
150
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
77
Shear Strength, MPa 91 to 140
360
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 140 to 250
540
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 50 to 210
190

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
1000
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 630
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
480
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
16

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
22
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.4
4.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
59
Embodied Water, L/kg 1190
170

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 4.1 to 24
140
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 18 to 330
96
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15 to 26
19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 33
19
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 6.3 to 11
12

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 96.3 to 98.9
0.15 to 0.6
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
18 to 20
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.2
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
55.7 to 62.7
Magnesium (Mg), % 1.1 to 1.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
19 to 21
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.4
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.015
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0.15 to 0.6
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0