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5051A Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 4047 Steel

5051A aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 4047 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 5051A aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4047 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 68
190
Elongation at Break, % 18 to 21
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 51 to 61
220
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Shear Strength, MPa 110
370
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 170
580
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 56
310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 610
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 150
48
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 39
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 130
8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
2.1
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.5
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 1190
47

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 24 to 27
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 23
260
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17 to 18
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 63
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 7.6
18

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 96.1 to 98.6
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.45 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.050
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.45
97.9 to 98.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 1.4 to 2.1
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.25
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.2 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.3
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0