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5056 Aluminum vs. ASTM Grade HD Steel

5056 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM grade HD steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 5056 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HD steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 67
200
Elongation at Break, % 4.9 to 31
9.1
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140 to 200
140
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 25
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 290 to 460
590
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 150 to 410
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 570
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 910
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 29
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 99
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
17
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 9.0
3.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
45
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 12 to 140
44
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 170 to 1220
180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 51
26
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 30 to 48
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 36 to 50
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 53
4.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13 to 20
19

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 93 to 95.4
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr), % 0.050 to 0.2
26 to 30
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.1
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.4
58.4 to 70
Magnesium (Mg), % 4.5 to 5.6
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.050 to 0.2
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
4.0 to 7.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.1
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0