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5056 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI D3 Steel

5056 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI D3 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 5056 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI D3 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 67
190
Elongation at Break, % 4.9 to 31
9.8 to 15
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140 to 200
310 to 940
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 25
74
Shear Strength, MPa 170 to 240
470 to 1220
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 290 to 460
770 to 2050
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 150 to 410
480 to 1550

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
270
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 570
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 910
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
31
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 29
3.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 99
3.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
8.0
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 9.0
3.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
48
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
100

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 12 to 140
97 to 180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 51
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 30 to 48
28 to 74
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 36 to 50
24 to 47
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 53
8.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13 to 20
23 to 63

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 93 to 95.4
0
Carbon (C), % 0
2.0 to 2.4
Chromium (Cr), % 0.050 to 0.2
11 to 13.5
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.4
80.3 to 87
Magnesium (Mg), % 4.5 to 5.6
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.050 to 0.2
0 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Tungsten (W), % 0
0 to 1.0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 1.0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.1
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0

Comparable Variants