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5059 Aluminum vs. ACI-ASTM CF10SMnN Steel

5059 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ACI-ASTM CF10SMnN steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 5059 aluminum and the bottom bar is ACI-ASTM CF10SMnN steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
190
Elongation at Break, % 11 to 25
34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 170 to 240
260
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
75
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 350 to 410
660
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 170 to 300
330

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
340
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 65
410
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 210
900
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1360
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 510
1310
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
500
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
16

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
15
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 9.1
3.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 160
45
Embodied Water, L/kg 1160
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 42 to 75
180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 220 to 650
280
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
26
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 36 to 42
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 41 to 45
22
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16 to 18
15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 89.9 to 94
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.25
16 to 18
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
59.1 to 65.4
Magnesium (Mg), % 5.0 to 6.0
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 1.2
7.0 to 9.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
8.0 to 9.0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.080 to 0.18
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.060
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.45
3.5 to 4.5
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0.4 to 0.9
0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0.050 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0