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5070 Aluminum vs. S20431 Stainless Steel

5070 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while S20431 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 5070 aluminum and the bottom bar is S20431 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 68
200
Elongation at Break, % 20
46
Fatigue Strength, MPa 150
320
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
76
Shear Strength, MPa 190
500
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 300
710
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 140
350

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
890
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 550
1360
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 31
2.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 100
2.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
12
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.8
2.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
36
Embodied Water, L/kg 1170
140

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 51
270
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 150
310
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 31
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 37
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 53
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14
15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 92.4 to 95.7
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.12
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
17 to 18
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
1.5 to 3.5
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.4
66.1 to 74.4
Magnesium (Mg), % 3.5 to 4.5
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 0.8
5.0 to 7.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
2.0 to 4.0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.1 to 0.25
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.15
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0.4 to 0.8
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0