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5154A Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 4340 Steel

5154A aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 4340 steel belongs to the iron alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 5154A aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4340 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 58 to 100
210 to 360
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 68
190
Elongation at Break, % 1.1 to 19
12 to 22
Fatigue Strength, MPa 83 to 160
330 to 740
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Shear Strength, MPa 140 to 210
430 to 770
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 230 to 370
690 to 1280
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 96 to 320
470 to 1150

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 600
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 32
7.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 110
8.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
3.5
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.8
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
22
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
53

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 4.0 to 36
79 to 170
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 68 to 760
590 to 3490
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 51
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24 to 38
24 to 45
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 31 to 43
22 to 33
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 53
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 10 to 16
20 to 38

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 93.7 to 96.9
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.25
0.7 to 0.9
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.1
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
95.1 to 96.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 3.1 to 3.9
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.5
0.6 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.2 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0

Comparable Variants