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5182 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 1080 Steel

5182 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 1080 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 5182 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1080 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 68
190
Elongation at Break, % 1.1 to 12
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 100 to 130
300 to 360
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 25
72
Shear Strength, MPa 170 to 240
460 to 520
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 280 to 420
770 to 870
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 130 to 360
480 to 590

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 590
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 28
9.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 94
11

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
1.8
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.9
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 2.6 to 49
80 to 84
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 120 to 950
610 to 920
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 51
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 29 to 44
27 to 31
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 36 to 47
24 to 26
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 53
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12 to 19
25 to 29

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 93.2 to 95.8
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.75 to 0.88
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.15
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.35
98.1 to 98.7
Magnesium (Mg), % 4.0 to 5.0
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.2 to 0.5
0.6 to 0.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.2
0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.050
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0