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5449 Aluminum vs. ASTM A372 Grade L Steel

5449 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A372 grade L steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 5449 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade L steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
190
Elongation at Break, % 4.0 to 17
14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 78 to 120
670
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Shear Strength, MPa 130 to 190
700
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 210 to 330
1160
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 91 to 260
1040

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 590
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 140
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 35
7.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 110
8.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
3.5
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.5
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
22
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
54

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 12 to 29
150
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 60 to 480
2890
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22 to 33
41
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 29 to 39
31
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 56
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.4 to 15
34

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 94.1 to 97.8
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
0.7 to 0.9
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.3
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
95.2 to 96.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 1.6 to 2.6
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 1.1
0.6 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.2 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.4
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.010
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.3
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0