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5456 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 1023 Steel

5456 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 1023 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 5456 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1023 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 68
190
Elongation at Break, % 11 to 18
17 to 29
Fatigue Strength, MPa 130 to 210
180 to 270
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Shear Strength, MPa 190 to 210
280 to 300
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 320 to 340
430 to 480
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 150 to 250
240 to 410

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 570
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 120
53
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 29
6.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 97
8.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
1.8
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 9.0
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 1170
45

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 33 to 46
77 to 100
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 170 to 470
150 to 450
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 33 to 35
15 to 17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 38 to 40
16 to 17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 48
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 15
14 to 15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 92 to 94.8
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.2 to 0.25
Chromium (Cr), % 0.050 to 0.2
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.1
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.4
99.06 to 99.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 4.7 to 5.5
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.0
0.3 to 0.6
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.25
0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.050
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0