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6012 Aluminum vs. AISI 312 Stainless Steel

6012 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while AISI 312 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 6012 aluminum and the bottom bar is AISI 312 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
200
Elongation at Break, % 9.1 to 11
28
Fatigue Strength, MPa 55 to 100
370
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
80
Shear Strength, MPa 130 to 190
510
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 220 to 320
780
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 110 to 260
510

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 570
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 890
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 160
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 45
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 140
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
17
Density, g/cm3 2.9
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.2
3.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
48
Embodied Water, L/kg 1170
170

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 21 to 28
190
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 94 to 480
640
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 48
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22 to 32
28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 29 to 37
24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 62
4.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 10 to 14
21

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 92.2 to 98
0
Bismuth (Bi), % 0 to 0.7
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
24 to 26
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.1
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
62.2 to 69.2
Lead (Pb), % 0.4 to 2.0
0
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.6 to 1.2
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 1.0
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
1.2 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
5.5 to 6.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.14 to 0.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0.6 to 1.4
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.3
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0