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6012 Aluminum vs. S21904 Stainless Steel

6012 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while S21904 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 6012 aluminum and the bottom bar is S21904 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
200
Elongation at Break, % 9.1 to 11
17 to 51
Fatigue Strength, MPa 55 to 100
380 to 550
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
78
Shear Strength, MPa 130 to 190
510 to 620
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 220 to 320
700 to 1000
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 110 to 260
390 to 910

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
980
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 570
1350
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 890
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 160
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 45
2.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 140
2.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
15
Density, g/cm3 2.9
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.2
3.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
43
Embodied Water, L/kg 1170
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 21 to 28
160 to 310
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 94 to 480
380 to 2070
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 48
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22 to 32
25 to 36
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 29 to 37
23 to 29
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 62
3.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 10 to 14
15 to 21

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 92.2 to 98
0
Bismuth (Bi), % 0 to 0.7
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.040
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
19 to 21.5
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.1
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
59.5 to 67.4
Lead (Pb), % 0.4 to 2.0
0
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.6 to 1.2
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 1.0
8.0 to 10
Nickel (Ni), % 0
5.5 to 7.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.15 to 0.4
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0.6 to 1.4
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.3
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0