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6012 Aluminum vs. S31254 Stainless Steel

6012 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while S31254 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 6012 aluminum and the bottom bar is S31254 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
200
Elongation at Break, % 9.1 to 11
40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 55 to 100
290
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
80
Shear Strength, MPa 130 to 190
490
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 220 to 320
720
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 110 to 260
330

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
1090
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 570
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 890
460
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 160
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 45
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 140
2.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
28
Density, g/cm3 2.9
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.2
5.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
74
Embodied Water, L/kg 1170
190

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 21 to 28
240
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 94 to 480
270
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 48
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22 to 32
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 29 to 37
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 62
3.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 10 to 14
15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 92.2 to 98
0
Bismuth (Bi), % 0 to 0.7
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.020
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
19.5 to 20.5
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.1
0.5 to 1.0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
51.4 to 56.3
Lead (Pb), % 0.4 to 2.0
0
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.6 to 1.2
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 1.0
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
6.0 to 6.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
17.5 to 18.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.18 to 0.22
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.6 to 1.4
0 to 0.8
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.010
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.3
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0