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6016 Aluminum vs. EN 1.0234 Steel

6016 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while EN 1.0234 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 6016 aluminum and the bottom bar is EN 1.0234 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 55 to 80
100 to 140
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
190
Elongation at Break, % 11 to 27
12 to 29
Fatigue Strength, MPa 68 to 89
170 to 270
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Shear Strength, MPa 130 to 170
260 to 300
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 200 to 280
350 to 480
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 110 to 210
220 to 410

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 410
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 160
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 660
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 610
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 190 to 210
53
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 48 to 54
7.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 160 to 180
8.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
1.8
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.2
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 29 to 47
36 to 130
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 82 to 340
130 to 440
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 51
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 29
12 to 17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 29 to 35
14 to 17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 77 to 86
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.1 to 12
11 to 15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 96.4 to 98.8
0.020 to 0.060
Carbon (C), % 0
0.13 to 0.17
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.2
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
99.02 to 99.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.25 to 0.6
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.2
0.35 to 0.6
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 1.0 to 1.5
0 to 0.1
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.025
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.15
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0