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6351 Aluminum vs. ACI-ASTM CG12 Steel

6351 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ACI-ASTM CG12 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 6351 aluminum and the bottom bar is ACI-ASTM CG12 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
200
Elongation at Break, % 7.8 to 18
40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 79 to 130
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 140 to 310
550
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 95 to 270
220

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 410
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 160
1040
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 570
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 180
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 46
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 150
2.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
18
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.3
3.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
48
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 20 to 38
180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 65 to 540
120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 14 to 32
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 38
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 72
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 6.1 to 14
12

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 96 to 98.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.12
Chromium (Cr), % 0
20 to 23
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.1
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
60.3 to 70
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.4 to 0.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 0.8
0 to 1.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
10 to 13
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.7 to 1.3
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0