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7021 Aluminum vs. ASTM Grade HI Steel

7021 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM grade HI steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 7021 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HI steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
200
Elongation at Break, % 9.4
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 150
150
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
79
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 460
550
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 390
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 380
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 200
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 630
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 510
1350
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 150
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 38
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
2.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
23
Density, g/cm3 2.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.3
4.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
59
Embodied Water, L/kg 1140
200

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 41
52
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1110
180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 47
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 44
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 45
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 59
3.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20
12

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 90.7 to 93.7
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.2 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.050
26 to 30
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.4
46.9 to 59.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 1.2 to 1.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
14 to 18
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
0
Zinc (Zn), % 5.0 to 6.0
0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0.080 to 0.18
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0