7178 Aluminum vs. Grade 21 Titanium
7178 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while grade 21 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is 7178 aluminum and the bottom bar is grade 21 titanium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 71 | |
| 140 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 4.5 to 12 | |
| 9.0 to 17 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 120 to 210 | |
| 550 to 660 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.32 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 27 | |
| 51 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 140 to 380 | |
| 550 to 790 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 240 to 640 | |
| 890 to 1340 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 120 to 560 | |
| 870 to 1170 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 370 | |
| 410 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 180 | |
| 310 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 630 | |
| 1740 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 480 | |
| 1690 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 860 | |
| 500 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 130 | |
| 7.5 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 23 | |
| 7.1 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 10 | |
| 60 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 3.1 | |
| 5.4 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 8.2 | |
| 32 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 150 | |
| 490 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 1110 | |
| 180 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 24 to 52 | |
| 110 to 180 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 110 to 2220 | |
| 2760 to 5010 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 45 | |
| 32 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 21 to 58 | |
| 46 to 69 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 28 to 54 | |
| 38 to 50 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 47 | |
| 2.8 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 10 to 28 | |
| 66 to 100 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 85.4 to 89.5 | |
| 2.5 to 3.5 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.18 to 0.28 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 1.6 to 2.4 | |
| 0 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 2.4 to 3.1 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 14 to 16 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0 | |
| 2.2 to 3.2 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.17 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0.15 to 0.25 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 to 0.2 | |
| 76 to 81.2 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 6.3 to 7.3 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |