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7178 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 4047 Steel

7178 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 4047 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 7178 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4047 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
190
Elongation at Break, % 4.5 to 12
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 120 to 210
220
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
73
Shear Strength, MPa 140 to 380
370
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 240 to 640
580
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 120 to 560
310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 370
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 630
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 480
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 860
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
48
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 31
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 91
8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
2.1
Density, g/cm3 3.1
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.2
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 1110
47

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 24 to 52
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 110 to 2220
260
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 45
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 58
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 28 to 54
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 47
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 10 to 28
18

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 85.4 to 89.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.45 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr), % 0.18 to 0.28
0
Copper (Cu), % 1.6 to 2.4
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
97.9 to 98.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 2.4 to 3.1
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.3
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.2 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.4
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Zinc (Zn), % 6.3 to 7.3
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0