ACI-ASTM CA40 Steel vs. EN 1.4451 Stainless Steel
Both ACI-ASTM CA40 steel and EN 1.4451 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 75% of their average alloy composition in common.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ACI-ASTM CA40 steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4451 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 310 | |
| 220 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 10 | |
| 25 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 460 | |
| 370 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.27 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 76 | |
| 80 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 910 | |
| 750 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 860 | |
| 540 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 280 | |
| 300 |
| Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C | 390 | |
| 450 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 750 | |
| 1100 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1440 | |
| 1430 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1500 | |
| 1380 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 25 | |
| 17 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 10 | |
| 17 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 3.0 | |
| 2.2 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 3.5 | |
| 2.5 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 7.5 | |
| 20 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.7 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.0 | |
| 3.8 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 28 | |
| 53 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 100 | |
| 190 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 14 | |
| 39 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 89 | |
| 170 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 1910 | |
| 710 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 33 | |
| 27 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 27 | |
| 23 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 6.7 | |
| 4.5 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 33 | |
| 16 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.2 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 11.5 to 14 | |
| 25 to 27 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 2.8 to 3.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 81.5 to 88.3 | |
| 56.2 to 64.6 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 1.5 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 2.5 to 3.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 5.0 to 7.0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0.12 to 0.22 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.035 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 1.5 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |