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ACI-ASTM CG12 Steel vs. 2017 Aluminum

ACI-ASTM CG12 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 2017 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ACI-ASTM CG12 steel and the bottom bar is 2017 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
71
Elongation at Break, % 40
12 to 18
Fatigue Strength, MPa 190
90 to 130
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
27
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 550
190 to 430
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220
76 to 260

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 300
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1040
190
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
510
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
880
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
150
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 16
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
38
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.4
110

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 18
10
Density, g/cm3 7.8
3.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.3
8.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 48
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 160
1140

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 180
24 to 66
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 120
41 to 470
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
46
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20
17 to 40
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
24 to 42
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.0
56
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
7.9 to 18

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
91.6 to 95.5
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.12
0
Chromium (Cr), % 20 to 23
0 to 0.1
Copper (Cu), % 0
3.5 to 4.5
Iron (Fe), % 60.3 to 70
0 to 0.7
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.4 to 0.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0.4 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 10 to 13
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0.2 to 0.8
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.15
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.25
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15