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ACI-ASTM CG12 Steel vs. 5050 Aluminum

ACI-ASTM CG12 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 5050 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ACI-ASTM CG12 steel and the bottom bar is 5050 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 160
36 to 68
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
68
Elongation at Break, % 40
1.7 to 22
Fatigue Strength, MPa 190
45 to 100
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
26
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 550
140 to 250
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220
50 to 210

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 300
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1040
180
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
650
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
630
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
190
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 16
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
50
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.4
170

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 18
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.3
8.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 48
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 160
1190

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 180
4.1 to 24
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 120
18 to 330
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20
15 to 26
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
22 to 33
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.0
79
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
6.3 to 11

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
96.3 to 98.9
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.12
0
Chromium (Cr), % 20 to 23
0 to 0.1
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.2
Iron (Fe), % 60.3 to 70
0 to 0.7
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
1.1 to 1.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0 to 0.1
Nickel (Ni), % 10 to 13
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.25
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15