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ACI-ASTM CG12 Steel vs. 5456 Aluminum

ACI-ASTM CG12 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 5456 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ACI-ASTM CG12 steel and the bottom bar is 5456 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
68
Elongation at Break, % 40
11 to 18
Fatigue Strength, MPa 190
130 to 210
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
26
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 550
320 to 340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220
150 to 250

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 300
390
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 430
65
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1040
190
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
570
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
120
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 16
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
29
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.4
97

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 18
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.3
9.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 48
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 160
1170

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 180
33 to 46
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 120
170 to 470
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20
33 to 35
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
38 to 40
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.0
48
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
14 to 15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
92 to 94.8
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.12
0
Chromium (Cr), % 20 to 23
0.050 to 0.2
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.1
Iron (Fe), % 60.3 to 70
0 to 0.4
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
4.7 to 5.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0.5 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 10 to 13
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.25
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.2
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.25
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15