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AISI 304 Stainless Steel vs. Grey Cast Iron

Both AISI 304 stainless steel and grey cast iron are iron alloys. They have 71% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 304 stainless steel and the bottom bar is grey cast iron.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170 to 360
160 to 300
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
180
Elongation at Break, % 8.0 to 43
9.6
Fatigue Strength, MPa 210 to 440
69 to 170
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
69
Shear Strength, MPa 400 to 690
180 to 610
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 580 to 1180
160 to 450
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 860
98 to 290

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
280
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1380
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1180
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
8.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 15
1.9
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.0
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 43
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 150
44

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 86 to 250
13 to 37
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 1870
27 to 240
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 42
5.8 to 17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 32
8.7 to 17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.2
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12 to 25
6.0 to 17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
3.1 to 3.4
Chromium (Cr), % 18 to 20
0
Iron (Fe), % 66.5 to 74
92.1 to 93.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.5 to 0.7
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 10.5
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.1
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.9
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
2.5 to 2.8
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.15