AISI 304L Stainless Steel vs. Nickel 685
AISI 304L stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while nickel 685 belongs to the nickel alloys. They have a modest 31% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 304L stainless steel and the bottom bar is nickel 685.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 160 to 350 | |
| 350 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 6.7 to 46 | |
| 17 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 170 to 430 | |
| 470 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 77 | |
| 77 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 370 to 680 | |
| 770 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 540 to 1160 | |
| 1250 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 190 to 870 | |
| 850 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 290 | |
| 320 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 540 | |
| 1000 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1450 | |
| 1380 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1400 | |
| 1330 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 460 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 16 | |
| 13 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 17 | |
| 12 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 16 | |
| 75 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 8.4 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 3.1 | |
| 10 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 44 | |
| 140 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 150 | |
| 340 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 71 to 240 | |
| 190 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 92 to 1900 | |
| 1820 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 23 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 19 to 41 | |
| 42 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 19 to 31 | |
| 31 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 4.2 | |
| 3.3 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 12 to 25 | |
| 37 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 1.2 to 1.6 |
| Boron (B), % | 0 | |
| 0.0030 to 0.010 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0.030 to 0.1 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 18 to 20 | |
| 18 to 21 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0 | |
| 12 to 15 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 65 to 74 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 3.5 to 5.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 8.0 to 12 | |
| 49.6 to 62.5 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.045 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.75 | |
| 0 to 0.75 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 2.8 to 3.3 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 0.020 to 0.12 |